{
  "schema_version": 1,
  "record_type": "plant",
  "slug": "blackberry",
  "common_name": "Blackberry",
  "botanical_name": "Rubus fruticosus",
  "family": "Rosaceae",
  "summary": "Blackberries are perennial cane fruits that crop best in sun, need moisture and support, and require pruning matched to floricane- or primocane-fruiting growth.",
  "categories": [
    "soft fruit",
    "perennial crop",
    "cane fruit"
  ],
  "growth_habits": [
    "trailing to erect",
    "thorned or thornless",
    "floricane- or primocane-fruiting"
  ],
  "lifecycle": "Perennial crown with usually biennial canes",
  "difficulty": "Moderate",
  "requirements": {
    "light": {
      "minimum_direct_sun_hours": 4,
      "preferred_direct_sun_hours": 6
    },
    "soil_ph": {
      "minimum": 5.6,
      "maximum": 6.5
    },
    "container": {
      "minimum_volume_litres": 75,
      "minimum_diameter_cm": 45,
      "plants_per_container": 1
    },
    "spacing": {
      "minimum_cm": 250,
      "maximum_cm": 350
    },
    "planting_out": {
      "minimum_reliable_temperature_c": 0,
      "frost_tolerant": true,
      "label": "Plant canes",
      "note": "Plant dormant stock while soil is workable; protect open flowers from damaging late frost"
    },
    "harvest": {
      "typical_uk_months": [
        "July",
        "September"
      ]
    }
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "rhs-growing-blackberries",
      "publisher": "Royal Horticultural Society",
      "url": "https://www.rhs.org.uk/fruit/blackberries-and-hybrid-berries/grow-your-own",
      "supports": [
        "types",
        "light",
        "planting",
        "spacing",
        "containers",
        "water",
        "feeding",
        "propagation",
        "support",
        "pruning",
        "harvest",
        "problems"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "osu-growing-blackberries",
      "publisher": "Oregon State University Extension",
      "url": "https://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog/ec-1303-growing-blackberries-your-home-garden",
      "supports": [
        "types",
        "pollination",
        "plant_source",
        "light",
        "soil_ph",
        "planting",
        "spacing",
        "containers",
        "water",
        "support",
        "pruning",
        "harvest",
        "problems"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "kew-rubus-fruticosus",
      "publisher": "Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew",
      "url": "https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn%3Alsid%3Aipni.org%3Anames%3A736933-1/general-information",
      "supports": [
        "botanical_name",
        "common_name",
        "family",
        "growth_habit",
        "lifecycle"
      ]
    }
  ]
}