{
  "schema_version": 1,
  "record_type": "plant",
  "slug": "swede",
  "botanical_name": "Brassica napus Napobrassica Group",
  "categories": [
    "root crop",
    "brassica",
    "cool-season crop",
    "winter crop"
  ],
  "common_name": "Swede (rutabaga)",
  "difficulty": "Moderate",
  "family": "Brassicaceae",
  "growth_habits": [
    "round-rooted"
  ],
  "lifecycle": "Biennial grown as an annual",
  "requirements": {
    "container": {
      "minimum_diameter_cm": 40,
      "minimum_volume_litres": 20,
      "plants_per_container": 8
    },
    "harvest": {
      "typical_uk_months": [
        "September",
        "February"
      ]
    },
    "light": {
      "minimum_direct_sun_hours": 6,
      "preferred_direct_sun_hours": 6
    },
    "planting_out": {
      "frost_tolerant": true,
      "label": "Sow outside",
      "minimum_reliable_temperature_c": 10,
      "note": "Conservative planning trigger, not a germination limit. Sow in late spring or early summer; mature roots tolerate frost."
    },
    "soil_ph": {
      "maximum": 7.0,
      "minimum": 6.0
    },
    "spacing": {
      "maximum_cm": 25,
      "minimum_cm": 20
    }
  },
  "summary": "Swedes are long-season brassicas for autumn and winter roots, needing a sunny bed, steady moisture and enough time to mature in cool conditions. Container allowances apply only to baby roots.",
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "rhs-growing-swedes",
      "publisher": "Royal Horticultural Society",
      "url": "https://www.rhs.org.uk/vegetables/swede/grow-your-own",
      "supports": [
        "types",
        "sowing",
        "spacing",
        "containers",
        "harvest"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "umn-growing-turnips-rutabagas",
      "publisher": "University of Minnesota Extension",
      "url": "https://extension.umn.edu/vegetables/growing-turnips-and-rutabagas",
      "supports": [
        "soil_ph",
        "rotation",
        "pests",
        "storage"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "usu-growing-rutabagas",
      "publisher": "Utah State University Extension",
      "url": "https://extension.usu.edu/yardandgarden/research/rutabagas-and-turnips-in-the-garden",
      "supports": [
        "watering",
        "feeding",
        "weeding",
        "pests"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "isu-growing-rutabagas",
      "publisher": "Iowa State University Extension",
      "url": "https://yardandgarden.extension.iastate.edu/how-to/growing-turnips-and-rutabagas-home-garden",
      "supports": [
        "light",
        "soil",
        "maturity",
        "harvest"
      ]
    }
  ]
}